After cystoscopy, a ureteric stent (double J stent) into ureter placed for large renal stones.Accurate detection of causes of abdominal colicĪ) Small stone >5 mm in size- IV hydration followed by IV frusemideī) Extracorpeal shock waves lithotripsy (ESWL).Hydronephrosis and hydroureterosis can be seen.Locate stone exactly and assess renal failure.Located over renal angle, hypochondrium, lumbar region.
Colorless, prism like crystals (coffin lids).Compound of magnesium, ammoniumphosphate mixed with carbonate.Due to deficiency of xanthine oxidase enzyme.Penicillamine and tiopronin undergoes sulfhydryl-disulphide exchange with cystine to form mixed disulphides, since these disulphides are much soluble than cystine, pharmacologic therapy can prevent and promote dissolution of calculi.Increase urine volume (high fluid intake).Occurs in cystinuria due to defective absorption of cystine from renal tubules (autosomal recessive condition).Seen in gout, hyperuricosuria, altered purine metabolism.Multiple, small, hexagonal, faceted, yellow coloured.In alkaline urine, it enlarges and grows within major and minor calcyces and forms Staghorn calculus.Consists triple phosphate of calcium, magnesium and ammonium.Haematuria and occurs in infected urine.Calculus oxalate dihydrate stone shows envelope and Ca oxalate monohydrate dumbbell.Risk factors are hypercalciuria, hypercalcemia, hyperoxaluria.It is brown in color, irregular having sharp projection.Renal tubular acidosis – calcium phosphate stoneġ4. Topiramate can be dangerous as it may cause renal stone formation if used along with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, potassium sparing diuretics cause renal stones is Triamterene Carr’s postulates also called as microlithsġ2. Inadequate urinary drainage- horse shoe unascended kidneyĩ. Paraplegic patient- calcium oxalate stonesħ.Hyperparathyroidism- hypercalcinosis and pelvic stones.Diet rich in calcium- tomato, milk, spinach- calcium oxalate stones.Diet rich in red meat, fish, eggs- aciduria.Coli, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella- recurrent UTI
0 kommentar(er)
